Do people speak English in İstanbul?
Speaking English in İstanbul is possible, but it's important to keep your expectations realistic. In tourist areas—places like Sultanahmet, Taksim, Galata, and İstiklal Caddesi—hotels, tourism businesses, and receptionists speak English. In restaurants and tea gardens, however, the level of conversation varies; written menus can be helpful.
But as you venture into side streets, local markets, or residential neighborhoods, English becomes less common. On minibuses, in local shops, or at neighborhood markets, knowing Turkish will be a significant advantage. Most İstanbullus try to communicate in good faith; translation apps on hand, simple Turkish words, and gestures can go a long way.
My most practical advice: Get address cards from your hotel concierge and show them to taxi drivers, keep printed guides with you. Download Bing Translate or Google Translate in offline mode. If you really want to discover the fabric of İstanbul, learning some Turkish or hiring a local guide will take you to a much richer experience.